How journalists influenced US war efforts in Vietnam Research Paper

How journalists influenced US war efforts in Vietnam - Research Paper Example The differences that led to war involved the Northerners favoring communist form of rule and the Southerners favoring non-communist form of rule. The stand by Southerners tended to cohere with the desire of USA, which hated communist rule. Coupled with the fear of about the possible spread of communist rule across the entire East Asia in case any country managed to secure an opportunity, USA resolved to help South Vietnam intensify war against North to defeat the idea of communism. The perceived support given to the South prompted the North to fire directly on US ships1. This act aggrieved US authorities thus resolving to direct involvement and participation in the war. This is how US entered into the Vietnam affair, where it emerged unsuccessful due to various factors. One of the main factors was the involvement of American journalists in an era when televisions were widespread across many households in US. 2The digital technology of television and newspapers facilitated the process of journalists transmitting real videos and pictures as happened in the battle ground. Influence of Journalists on US efforts in Vietnam War Prior to the arrival of the US journalists in the war field, US government tended to deliver deceptive reports concerning the progress of the war. At first, the government denied claims that US troops took part in the war, while they did. This came clear after the arrival of the journalists in the war field, who captured and aired the real events. The reports send by the journalists showed how US participated in aerial bombings that killed many people. Some of the news showed children running helplessly in Trang Bang after being hit by and injured by bombs fell by US military. 3These pictures frightened and aggrieved most of the Americans who started blaming the government for mismanaging American resources by fighting innocent children. In fact, television news and newspapers covered a terror-stricken girl running along the street naked after her cloths burnt in bomb triggered fires. In bid to quell citizens, American government responded by claiming that the attacks on children were due to misdirected bomb thrown by South Vietnamese soldiers4. This claim was in total contradiction to the pictures and videos transmitted by journalists, which showed US airplanes dropping the bombs. 5Journalist reported and transmitted videos of massacres of US soldiers during the Tet offense of 1968, alongside flying of dead bodies of soldiers back to US. Furthermore, journalists investigating the Vietnam at some moments focused on the sad atrocities caused by US soldiers who massacred people across Vietnam. This news increasingly aggrieved US citizens who continued to declare strong opposition of the government in the Vietnam War. 6In spite of the media transmitting clear pictures and information as happening in the battleground, US government persisted on denial and even quoting small number of deaths of soldier contrary to the visual records transmitted by media. It this continued denial of the government and closure of truth that aggravated public anger to an extent of engaging public protests demanding for withdrawal of US troops from Vietnam. 7The media through the respective investigative journalists stationed in Saigon did at one time transmit images about Buddhist crisis of 1963. The images showed people committing serious suicide away of protesting restriction to religious rights by Diem

The Power of the Atomic Bomb in Shaping the Post-War World Essay

The Power of the Atomic Bomb in Shaping the Post-War World There were few men in Washington who understood the role the atomic bomb could play in ending World War II and shaping the peace. Military planning focused on two options, conventional bombing accompanied by a blockade or an invasion of the Japanese home islands. Both options were so problematic politically and militarily that policymakers who were familiar with the Manhattan Project found it difficult to oppose the bomb’s use. There were also few men who knew the role the bomb could play in winning the peace. President Harry S. Truman, Secretary of State James F. Byrnes, and Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson saw the bomb as a way to shape the post-war world in the American image, without reliance on regional allies to maintain peace throughout the world. Thus, the question in 1945 was not why should the bomb be used, but rather, why should it not be used? The conventional bombing and blockade option was the less attractive option for ending the war. The Joint Intelligence Staff could not provide an accurate estimate of the time required to force Japan to surrender unconditionally through blockade and bombardment alone. Estimates ranged from two months to two years. The lower estimates counted on a clarification of surrender terms to induce Japan to surrender. It also required area bombing of Japanese cities. Advocates of the plan also called for the acquisition of more favorable bases surrounding Japan in order to consolidate the blockade and intensify the bombing. Doing so would have required additional amphibious assaults on the China coast and Korea. If such operations were to be undertaken, Army critics asked, why not use the same amphibious resources to d... ...Washington: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army. Offner, Arnold A. "President Truman, the Potsdam Conference, and the Origins of Atomic Diplomacy." Presented at International Conference: "Fifty Years After: The Close of the Pacific War Re-Examined" Sponsored by International House of Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan, August 23-26, 1995. Sherwin, Martin J. A World Destroyed: Hiroshima and the Origins of the Arms Race. New York: Vintage Books, 1987. Sigal, Leon V. Fighting to the Finish: The Politics of War Termination in the United States. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988. Skates, John Ray. The Invasion of Japan: Alternative to the Bomb. Columbia,SC: Univesrity of South Carolina Press, 1994. Stoff, Michael B. (et al, eds.) The Manhattan Project: A Documentary Introduction to the Atomic Age. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991.

Aquinas’ view of kingship and the Aristotelian response Essay

St. Thomas Aquinas takes many of Aristotle’s ideas from The Politics in order to create his idea of the best regime. He revisits the good and bad forms of each type of government Aristotle introduced, and then makes his decision that the best regime is a type of monarchy that he calls kingship. This decision stems from his definition of a king as â€Å"one who rules over the people of a city or province for the common good† (17). Kingship is beneficial because it is the rule of one person. Aquinas states that the correct and most useful way to carry out an objective is â€Å"when it is lead to its appropriate end† (15). The incorrect way would be the opposite–to lead something to an inappropriate end, or not to lead it to an end at all. In light of this definition, the most effective government would lead the people to their appropriate end, which Aquinas believes is unity. In this sense, Aquinas believes that obviously something that â€Å"is itself one can promote unity better than that which is a plurality† (17). This may not seem quite so obvious to anyone else, and his analogy between unity and heat may seem a little vague, but Aquinas still makes a valid point in that creating a government promoting unity is more difficult when more people are involved. This is simply because of the number of ideas and interpretations present within a group that are not present under the rule of one. Aquinas also argues that kingship, or the good, just monarchy, is preferable because it is present in nature. He likens the king to God, because naturally God is the â€Å"Ruler over all† (17). It is therefore natural for one man to rule many, as long as he is leading the people to their appropriate end, which is unity. The king should be â€Å"a shepherd who seeks†¦not his own benefit† (16), which is an instance of government represented by nature. Aquinas believes that as â€Å"art imitates nature† (18), so should politics, and the best art is that which best imitates nature. In this sense, the best government would be that which imitates natural order. The king â€Å"has a duty to act in his kingdom like the soul in the body and God in the world† (26). This is the best way in which a government can reflect nature in its practice. Aquinas understands that monarchy is â€Å"considered by many as odious because it  is associated with the evils of tyranny† (20). He, however, believes that kingship is so important, that a slight change of the type of monarchy would not be that bad. This is interesting, because Aquinas also says that tyranny is the â€Å"worst form of government† (18) because it seeks only the good of the tyrant, and is therefore further from the appropriate end of government, which is the common good and unity. The reasons Aquinas seems to change his mind about the idea of tyranny seem to be a little cloudy. He suddenly decides that tyranny in its less excessive forms is nowhere near as bad as the better forms of government, even though he says it is the worst. Aquinas would advise the citizens to â€Å"tolerate a mild tyranny for a time† (23) instead of doing anything rash that â€Å"may bring on many dangers that are worse† (23). These dangers include democracy and oligarchy, which are supposed to be better forms of government than tyranny. In any case, the tyranny would still be the rule of one, although not for the common good. This may be what Aquinas means when he says tyranny is tolerable. Aristotle would agree with most of Aquinas’ statements, mainly because they were Aristotle’s statements first. Aristotle poses questions on the issue of kingship, and sets up arguments others have against it, while Aquinas attempts to come up with some answers as to why kingship is the best alternative. Aristotle agrees that there are some states that kingship would benefit greatly. His view is not that all states would benefit from a kingship, which is what Aquinas is trying to prove. This is the major difference, as both believe that kingship is a worthy form of government.

The Role Of Project Management For An Individual Video...

Reflective Journal I have managed to learn on the various aspects that surround the making of an individual video project. The research conducted for this research is on how to effectively improve the management of project controlling in this individual video project. Another consideration for the research is in the analysing of the various communication skills that would enable for an effective communication with the clients in this video project. Among the various aspects learnt include the factors involved in conducting a research, the strategies of project control in relation to project management, and also the various communication skills and strategies that would enable for the success and completion in this individual video project. Project management encompasses various activities and processes. I feel I really need to improve this by doing this project. The major function of project management is for the purpose of ensuring the planning of the project as according to the objectives of the project. As according to this research, the project under analysis I choose is an individual video project. This individual video project involves a number of processes before there is the outcome of a video that has appeal to the client and audience in the market Through the process of planning and proper organizational skills, I found that I need to practice more and experience more. Because all things are not as simple as them look like. The research has analysed the process ofShow MoreRelatedWorking in Teams Essay992 Words   |  4 PagesMartha Villarreal Organizational Behavior and Management June 2, 2013 In viewing the Manager’s Hot Seat: Working in Teams: Cross-Functional, I was able to distinguish the difference between the words team and teamwork. Team refers to a small group of people with complementary skills, who work together to achieve a shared purpose and hold themselves mutually accountable for performance results ( Schermerhorm,2011). In this video, yes there was team that consisted of Rosa Denson, Cheng JingRead MoreEssay on Project Kick Off1462 Words   |  6 Pages2 PROJECT KICKOFF AND COMMUNICATION PLAN Date: April 25, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS Kickoff Meeting – Letter to Invitees 3 Agenda for Discussion at Kickoff Meeting 3 List of Attendees to Kickoff Meeting 3-4 Project Communication Plan 4 External Communications 4 Internal Communications 4-5 Communicating with Upper Management and Customers 5 Change Management 5 Project Reporting – Administrative Close-Out 5 Project Reporting –Read MoreData Collection Write Up : For This Action Research1033 Words   |  5 Pagesthey learn, and their academic future. In the first focus group, conducted at the beginning of the Action Research Project, seven of the eight boys participated. All seven boys said they liked classes where they could move and had the opportunity to create a product. Four boys said they liked creating products on the computer and six expressed positive attitudes toward acting or role playing activities. All boys said they liked working in collaborative groups, especially when dealing with difficultRead MoreIntroduction Project Team is the group of people who work towards the common goal and share the1700 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Project Team is the group of people who work towards the common goal and share the responsibility to get the positive outcome. Robinson Robinson (1994) define a team as a group of people, but all groups do not qualify as teams. Team members usually work under the project manager and it requires involvement from the different department. Katzenbach and Smith (1994) defines team as a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performanceRead MoreAdkar Model1403 Words   |  6 PagesADKAR - a model for change management Overview ADKAR is a goal-oriented change management model that allows change management teams to focus their activities on specific business results. The model was initially used as a tool for determining if change management activities like communications and training were having the desired results during organizational change. The model has its origins in aligning traditional change management activities to a given result or goal. For example, AwarenessRead More Time and Cost Estimating Techniques Essay1233 Words   |  5 PagesEstimating work times provides several benefits for the project manager. It gives an idea of the level of effort required to complete a project. This information then enables the project manager to produce a realistic plan based upon that effort. Estimating also helps the project manager anticipate the budget for the project. There are many formal techniques available to estimate time and cost for activities. Please refer to the Project Management Reference Section for more details on these techniquesRead MoreAbc Aeronautics Limited Project Implementation Plan Essay1647 Words   |  7 PagesABC AERONAUTICS LIMITED Project Implementation Plan Production and Delivery of Five 800-Seater Aircrafts Model 702 Name: Date: Table of Contents 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Purpose 1 1.2 System Overview 2 1.2.1 System Description 2 1.2.2 Assumptions and Constraints 2 1.2.3 System Organization 3 1.3 Glossary 3 2 Management Overview 4 2.1 Description of Implementation 4 2.2 Points-of-Contact 4 2.3 Major Task 5 2.4 Implementation Schedule 5 3 Implementation Support 6 3.1 Personnel 6 3.2 ImplementationRead MoreThe Importance of Crowd Funding in Financing a Project or Business1001 Words   |  4 PagesIndividual Case Assignment Investment plays a crucial role for any business implementation, without investment even though you have the ideas in your mind it cannot be possible to implement the ideas in real scenario. For the people like that Crowd funding is one of the major source. Crowd funding is a process about urging people through internet to give you a small donation for a new project implementation, for that person with the ideas will explain the goal of the project to theRead MoreThe Importance Of Teamwork And Learning Processes After Completing The Video Project Assignment1481 Words   |  6 Pageslearning about human behaviour in organisation unit at University of Canberra, it is compulsory to review the aspect of teamwork and learning processes after completing the video project assignment. Students should critically analyse about the teamwork experience as part of their learning processes and put it in the form of individual essay. This essay briefly discussed about my personal experiences associated with the related teamwork. Generally speaking, the team has done a great job in terms of goalRead MoreThe Change Management Process Is A Planned Approach For An Organization Point Of View And At Individual Level765 Words   |  4 PagesThe Change Management process is a planned approach to manage changes, from an organization point of view and at individual level. A specific scenario can be considered in order to define the change management for my project. For example; considering the situation, that been a Project Manager, I decide to leave the organization and is suppose to serve a notice period of 4 weeks. However, the project plan, project schedule, project resource allocation, budget and statement of purpose are already in